Telecommunication

What is WBI (wideband interference)

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Jul 13, 2024 — 1 min read

WBI: Wideband Interference

Wideband Interference (WBI) refers to radio frequency interference (RFI) that occupies a broad spectrum of frequencies. This is in contrast to narrowband interference (NBI), which is concentrated within a narrow frequency band.

Characteristics of WBI

Broad Spectrum: WBI spreads its energy across a wide range of frequencies.
Lower Power Density: Typically has lower power density compared to NBI at any specific frequency.
Complex Interference Patterns: Can exhibit complex modulation schemes and varying signal characteristics.
Impactful on Wideband Systems: WBI can significantly degrade the performance of wideband communication systems like Wi-Fi, LTE, and radar.

Sources of WBI

Other Wireless Systems: Interference from adjacent wireless networks or other wireless devices.
Electronic Devices: Emissions from electronic equipment like motors, power supplies, and industrial machinery.
Natural Sources: Atmospheric noise, solar radiation, and other natural phenomena.

Effects of WBI

Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) Degradation: WBI reduces the SNR, leading to increased bit error rates and reduced data rates.
Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI): WBI can cause ISI, which distorts the received signal and makes data recovery difficult.
System Performance Degradation: Overall system performance, including data throughput, latency, and reliability, can be severely impacted.

Mitigation Techniques for WBI

Adaptive Filtering: Employing adaptive filters to estimate and suppress WBI.
Spread Spectrum Techniques: Using spread spectrum modulation to reduce the impact of WBI.
Coherent Detection: Improving receiver sensitivity to combat WBI.
Spatial Filtering: Using antenna arrays and beamforming to mitigate WBI.
Dynamic Spectrum Access: Adapting to the interference environment by selecting less congested frequency bands.

WBI in Specific Applications

Wireless Communications: WBI from other wireless systems, electronic devices, and natural sources can degrade the performance of cellular networks, Wi-Fi, and other wireless communication systems.
Radar Systems: WBI can mask weak radar targets and reduce detection range.
Electronic Warfare: WBI can be used as a jamming technique to disrupt enemy communication and radar systems.

In conclusion, WBI is a significant challenge in wireless communication systems. Understanding its characteristics and implementing appropriate mitigation techniques is crucial for ensuring reliable and efficient system performance.

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